Internal combustion motor



June 25, 1935. F K SHEAR 2,006,117

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR Filed NOV. 17, 1935 4 Sheets-S11eet l Invenior .7. h. Shear flllorney June 25, F K EA 2,006,117

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR Filed Nov. 17, 1933- 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Inventor June 25, 1935. F. K. SHEAR 2,006,117

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR Filed Nov. 17, 1953 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Inventor 7'. fl. Shear June 25, 1935. F, SHEAR 2,006,117

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR Filed Nov. 17, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Invenlor Patented June 25, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE INTERNAL COMBUSTION Mo'roa Frank K. Shear, Bavena, N. Y. Application November 17, 1933', Serial No. 698,508

' and arrangement of the several parts, to be hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and specifically pointed out in the appended claim.

In describing the invention in detail, reference will be had to the accompanying drawings wherein like characters denote like or corresponding parts throughout the several views, and in which:-

Figure 1 is an elevation of an engine constructed in accordance with this invention.

Figure 2 isan end view of the invention.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view through the improved engine.

Figure 4 is a top plan view.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary view of the cam shaft.

In these drawings, the numeral indicatesvthe cylinder block which is shown as being provided with a single cylinder 2, but it will, of course, be understood that as many cylinders can be provided as desired. The crank case is shown at 3, containing the crank shaft 4, the crank of which is connected by the rod 5 with the piston 6 in the cylinder 2. The head is shown at I and both the block and the head are provided with the water jackets 8, though it will, of course, be understood a, that the engine might be air cooled, if desired.

The head forms a chamber 9 at the upper end of the cylinder and at one side of the engine, this chamber is in communication with the exhaust l controlled by a valve normally held closed by the usual spring I2 and which is opened by the push rod l3 operated by the cam H on the shaft l which is driven from the crank shaft by the means shown generally at It.

The head is formed with a substantially dome- -shaped part I! which forms a fuel chamber [8 and hasa threaded opening in its top for receiving the spark plug IS. The chamber l8, as will ,be seen, is of cylindrical shape with a concave top and has its lower end opening out into the chamber 3 and said chamber I8 is of much less diameter than the cylinder 2 and is located above the central part of said cylinder 2.

An air conduit 20 is-in communication with that part of the chamber 9 which is directly opposite the part in communication with the exhaust I I! and communication between the conconduit 3|.

2| normally held closed by a spring 22 and which is opened by a push rod 23 operated by a cam 2| on a shaft 25 rotated from the crank shaft by the means shown generally at 26;

A conduit 21 has one end in communication 5 with the fuel chamber I8 and its other end is adapted to be connected to a carbureter or, thelike and the passage of the fuel through the conduit 21 is controlled by a spring pressed valve 28 operated by a push rod 29 actuated by 'a cam 30 on the shaft 25.\

A'short conduit 3| connects the air conduit 20 with the fuel conduit 21 and a manually operated valve 32 is located at the lower end of said This valve is so located and arranged that in one position it will close the air conduit and in its other position it will close the conduit 3|.

The principle of operation is as follows:-

On the down stroke of the piston 6, the valve 2| opens so that air flows into the cylinder and chamber 9 from the conduit 20, all of the othervalves, including the valve 32, being closed. When the piston has reached a certain point in its downward stroke, the valve 2| will close and simultaneously the fuel valve 28 will open so that during the rest of the downward motion of the piston 6, fuel will be drawn through the conduit 21 into the fuel chamber l8. The exact point in the descent of the piston where the valve 2| will close and the valve 28 will open will vary in different makes and types of engines. However, the opening and closing of the two valves occur simultaneously. On the upward stroke of the piston, the air in the cylinder, acting as a cush- 35 ion, forces the fuelto the top of the gas chamber l8, directly under the spark plug, where it is exploded. Just enough fuel is drawn into the fuel chamber |8 to actually operate the engine, the remaining space being filled with air. This makes the engine very economical as to the use of fuel and lessens the cost of operation.

As will be seen, the air and gas mixture is not mixed in the cylinder as the air is first drawn into the cylinder and then the air supply closed and then the gas mixture is drawn into the chamber l8. On the compression stroke, the air in the cylinder acts as a cushion against the gas mixture in the chamber l3 so that the gas mix;- ture is forced by the pressure of the air to the top of the chamber l8 wherethe explosion takes place. The air is used for the purpose of giving the necessary compression on the compression stroke without first filling the cylinder with the fuel mixture.

At the beginning of the engine operation, the valve 32 is moved to a position to extend across the air conduit 20, so that some of the gas mixture will pass through the short conduit 3| into the air conduit and then into the chamber 9 and cylinder 2 to provide a rich mixture for the starting of the engine. Thus only the fuel mixture is drawn into the cylinder and chamber I, as the flow of air through the conduit 20 is prevented by the valve 32. After the engine has started, the valve 32 is moved to its other position to close the conduit 3| so only air will enter the cylinder for the first" part of the suction stroke.

It is thought from the foregoing description that the advantages and novel features of the invention will be readily apparent.

It is to be understood that changes may be made in the construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts, provided that such changes fall within the scope of the appended claim.

What is claimed is:-

In an internal combustion engine including inder having a fuel chamber therein in communication with the cylinder, an air supply connected with the outer end of the cylinder, a fuel supply connected with the fuel chamber, valves for controlling said supply, springs for normally holding the valves closed, means for opening the air valve at the beginning of the suction stroke of the piston and permitting the valve to close .when the piston reaches a certain point in its chamber, a short conduit connecting the air con- FRANK K. SHEAR. 

